[web] Notify engine of handled PointerScrollEvents. (#145500)

Notifies the engine when `PointerSignalEvents` have been ignored by the framework, through the `ui.PointerData.respond` method.

This allows the web to "preventDefault" (or not) on `wheel` events.

## Issues

* Fixes (partially): https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/139263

## Tests

* Added tests to ensure `respond` is called at the right time, with the right value.

## Demo

* https://dit-multiview-scroll.web.app

<details>
<summary>

## Previous versions

</summary>

1. Modified `PointerScrollEvent`, not shippable.
2. Modified when events were handled, instead of the opposite.

</details>

packages/flutter/lib/src/gestures/converter.dart

@@ -283,6 +283,7 @@ abstract final class PointerEventConverter {
                 position: position,
                 scrollDelta: scrollDelta,
                 embedderId: datum.embedderId,
+                onRespond: datum.respond,
               );
             case ui.PointerSignalKind.scrollInertiaCancel:
               return PointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent(

packages/flutter/lib/src/gestures/events.dart

@@ -1717,7 +1717,7 @@ class _TransformedPointerUpEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _CopyPoin
 ///    events in a widget tree.
 ///  * [PointerSignalResolver], which provides an opt-in mechanism whereby
 ///    participating agents may disambiguate an event's target.
-abstract class PointerSignalEvent extends PointerEvent {
+abstract class PointerSignalEvent extends PointerEvent with _RespondablePointerEvent {
   /// Abstract const constructor. This constructor enables subclasses to provide
   /// const constructors so that they can be used in const expressions.
   const PointerSignalEvent({
@@ -1731,6 +1731,27 @@ abstract class PointerSignalEvent extends PointerEvent {
   });
 }
 
+/// A function that implements the [PointerSignalEvent.respond] method.
+typedef RespondPointerEventCallback = void Function({required bool allowPlatformDefault});
+
+mixin _RespondablePointerEvent on PointerEvent {
+  /// Sends a response to the native embedder for the [PointerSignalEvent].
+  ///
+  /// The parameter [allowPlatformDefault] allows the platform to perform the
+  /// default action associated with the native event when it's set to `true`.
+  ///
+  /// This method can be called any number of times, but once `allowPlatformDefault`
+  /// is set to `true`, it can't be set to `false` again.
+  ///
+  /// The implementation of this method is configured through the `onRespond`
+  /// parameter of the [PointerSignalEvent] constructor.
+  ///
+  /// See also [RespondPointerEventCallback].
+  void respond({
+    required bool allowPlatformDefault,
+  }) {}
+}
+
 mixin _CopyPointerScrollEvent on PointerEvent {
   /// The amount to scroll, in logical pixels.
   Offset get scrollDelta;
@@ -1760,6 +1781,7 @@ mixin _CopyPointerScrollEvent on PointerEvent {
     double? tilt,
     bool? synthesized,
     int? embedderId,
+    RespondPointerEventCallback? onRespond,
   }) {
     return PointerScrollEvent(
       viewId: viewId ?? this.viewId,
@@ -1769,6 +1791,7 @@ mixin _CopyPointerScrollEvent on PointerEvent {
       position: position ?? this.position,
       scrollDelta: scrollDelta,
       embedderId: embedderId ?? this.embedderId,
+      onRespond: onRespond ?? (this as PointerScrollEvent).respond,
     ).transformed(transform);
   }
 }
@@ -1794,7 +1817,8 @@ class PointerScrollEvent extends PointerSignalEvent with _PointerEventDescriptio
     super.position,
     this.scrollDelta = Offset.zero,
     super.embedderId,
-  });
+    RespondPointerEventCallback? onRespond,
+  }) : _onRespond = onRespond;
 
   @override
   final Offset scrollDelta;
@@ -1812,6 +1836,15 @@ class PointerScrollEvent extends PointerSignalEvent with _PointerEventDescriptio
     super.debugFillProperties(properties);
     properties.add(DiagnosticsProperty<Offset>('scrollDelta', scrollDelta));
   }
+
+  final RespondPointerEventCallback? _onRespond;
+
+  @override
+  void respond({required bool allowPlatformDefault}) {
+    if (_onRespond != null) {
+      _onRespond!(allowPlatformDefault: allowPlatformDefault);
+    }
+  }
 }
 
 class _TransformedPointerScrollEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _CopyPointerScrollEvent implements PointerScrollEvent {
@@ -1834,6 +1867,14 @@ class _TransformedPointerScrollEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _Copy
     super.debugFillProperties(properties);
     properties.add(DiagnosticsProperty<Offset>('scrollDelta', scrollDelta));
   }
+
+  @override
+  RespondPointerEventCallback? get _onRespond => original._onRespond;
+
+  @override
+  void respond({required bool allowPlatformDefault}) {
+    original.respond(allowPlatformDefault: allowPlatformDefault);
+  }
 }
 
 mixin _CopyPointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent on PointerEvent {
@@ -1905,7 +1946,7 @@ class PointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent extends PointerSignalEvent with _PointerEv
   }
 }
 
-class _TransformedPointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _CopyPointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent implements PointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent {
+class _TransformedPointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _CopyPointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent, _RespondablePointerEvent implements PointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent {
   _TransformedPointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent(this.original, this.transform);
 
   @override
@@ -1996,7 +2037,7 @@ class PointerScaleEvent extends PointerSignalEvent with _PointerEventDescription
   }
 }
 
-class _TransformedPointerScaleEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _CopyPointerScaleEvent implements PointerScaleEvent {
+class _TransformedPointerScaleEvent extends _TransformedPointerEvent with _CopyPointerScaleEvent, _RespondablePointerEvent implements PointerScaleEvent {
   _TransformedPointerScaleEvent(this.original, this.transform);
 
   @override

packages/flutter/lib/src/gestures/pointer_signal_resolver.dart

@@ -96,6 +96,11 @@ class PointerSignalResolver {
   void resolve(PointerSignalEvent event) {
     if (_firstRegisteredCallback == null) {
       assert(_currentEvent == null);
+      // Nothing in the framework/app wants to handle the `event`. Allow the
+      // platform to trigger any default native actions.
+      event.respond(
+        allowPlatformDefault: true
+      );
       return;
     }
     assert(_isSameEvent(_currentEvent!, event));

packages/flutter/lib/src/widgets/scrollable.dart

@@ -916,6 +916,9 @@ class ScrollableState extends State<Scrollable> with TickerProviderStateMixin, R
   void _receivedPointerSignal(PointerSignalEvent event) {
     if (event is PointerScrollEvent && _position != null) {
       if (_physics != null && !_physics!.shouldAcceptUserOffset(position)) {
+        // The handler won't use the `event`, so allow the platform to trigger
+        // any default native actions.
+        event.respond(allowPlatformDefault: true);
         return;
       }
       final double delta = _pointerSignalEventDelta(event);
@@ -923,7 +926,11 @@ class ScrollableState extends State<Scrollable> with TickerProviderStateMixin, R
       // Only express interest in the event if it would actually result in a scroll.
       if (delta != 0.0 && targetScrollOffset != position.pixels) {
         GestureBinding.instance.pointerSignalResolver.register(event, _handlePointerScroll);
+        return;
       }
+      // The `event` won't result in a scroll, so allow the platform to trigger
+      // any default native actions.
+      event.respond(allowPlatformDefault: true);
     } else if (event is PointerScrollInertiaCancelEvent) {
       position.pointerScroll(0);
       // Don't use the pointer signal resolver, all hit-tested scrollables should stop.

packages/flutter/test/gestures/pointer_signal_resolver_test.dart

@@ -42,6 +42,19 @@ void main() {
     tester.resolver.resolve(tester.event);
   });
 
+  test('Resolving with no entries should notify engine of no-op', () {
+    bool allowedPlatformDefault = false;
+    final PointerSignalTester tester = PointerSignalTester();
+    tester.event = PointerScrollEvent(
+      onRespond: ({required bool allowPlatformDefault}) {
+        allowedPlatformDefault = allowPlatformDefault;
+      },
+    );
+    tester.resolver.resolve(tester.event);
+    expect(allowedPlatformDefault, isTrue,
+      reason: 'Should have called respond with allowPlatformDefault: true');
+  });
+
   test('First entry should always win', () {
     final PointerSignalTester tester = PointerSignalTester();
     final TestPointerSignalListener first = tester.addListener();

packages/flutter/test/widgets/scrollable_test.dart

@@ -453,6 +453,63 @@ void main() {
     expect(getScrollOffset(tester), 0.0);
   });
 
+  testWidgets('Engine is notified of ignored pointer signals (no scroll physics)', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await pumpTest(tester, debugDefaultTargetPlatformOverride, scrollable: false);
+    final Offset scrollEventLocation = tester.getCenter(find.byType(Viewport));
+    final TestPointer testPointer = TestPointer(1, ui.PointerDeviceKind.mouse);
+    // Create a hover event so that |testPointer| has a location when generating the scroll.
+    testPointer.hover(scrollEventLocation);
+
+    bool allowedPlatformDefault = false;
+    await tester.sendEventToBinding(
+      testPointer.scroll(
+        const Offset(0.0, 20.0),
+        onRespond: ({required bool allowPlatformDefault}) {
+          allowedPlatformDefault = allowPlatformDefault;
+        },
+      ));
+
+    expect(allowedPlatformDefault, isTrue,
+      reason: 'Engine should be notified of ignored scroll pointer signals.');
+  }, variant: TargetPlatformVariant.all());
+
+  testWidgets('Engine is notified of rejected scroll events (wrong direction)', (WidgetTester tester) async {
+    await pumpTest(
+      tester,
+      debugDefaultTargetPlatformOverride,
+      scrollDirection: Axis.horizontal,
+    );
+
+    final Offset scrollEventLocation = tester.getCenter(find.byType(Viewport));
+    final TestPointer testPointer = TestPointer(1, ui.PointerDeviceKind.mouse);
+    // Create a hover event so that |testPointer| has a location when generating the scroll.
+    testPointer.hover(scrollEventLocation);
+
+    // Horizontal input is accepted
+    await tester.sendKeyDownEvent(LogicalKeyboardKey.shift);
+    await tester.sendEventToBinding(
+      testPointer.scroll(
+        const Offset(0.0, 10.0),
+        onRespond: ({required bool allowPlatformDefault}) {
+          fail('The engine should not be notified when the scroll is accepted.');
+        },
+      ));
+    await tester.sendKeyUpEvent(LogicalKeyboardKey.shift);
+    await tester.pump();
+
+    // Vertical input not accepted
+    bool allowedPlatformDefault = false;
+    await tester.sendEventToBinding(
+      testPointer.scroll(
+        const Offset(0.0, 20.0),
+        onRespond: ({required bool allowPlatformDefault}) {
+          allowedPlatformDefault = allowPlatformDefault;
+        },
+      ));
+    expect(allowedPlatformDefault, isTrue,
+      reason: 'Engine should be notified when scroll is rejected by the scrollable.');
+  }, variant: TargetPlatformVariant.all());
+
   testWidgets('Holding scroll and Scroll pointer signal will update ScrollDirection.forward / ScrollDirection.reverse', (WidgetTester tester) async {
     ScrollDirection? lastUserScrollingDirection;
 

packages/flutter_test/lib/src/test_pointer.dart

@@ -288,6 +288,7 @@ class TestPointer {
   PointerScrollEvent scroll(
     Offset scrollDelta, {
     Duration timeStamp = Duration.zero,
+    RespondPointerEventCallback? onRespond,
   }) {
     assert(kind != PointerDeviceKind.touch, "Touch pointers can't generate pointer signal events");
     assert(location != null);
@@ -297,6 +298,7 @@ class TestPointer {
       device: _device,
       position: location!,
       scrollDelta: scrollDelta,
+      onRespond: onRespond,
     );
   }