This PR includes the following changes. These changes only apply to iOS 17 physical devices.
| Command | Change Description | Changes to User Experience |
| ------------- | ------------- | ------------- |
| `flutter run --release` | Uses `devicectl` to install and launch application in release mode. | No change. |
| `flutter run` | Uses Xcode via automation scripting to run application in debug and profile mode. | Xcode will be opened in the background. Errors/crashes may be caught in Xcode and therefore may not show in terminal. |
| `flutter run --use-application-binary=xxxx` | Creates temporary empty Xcode project and use Xcode to run via automation scripting in debug and profile. | Xcode will be opened in the background. Errors/crashes may be caught in Xcode and therefore may not show in terminal. |
| `flutter install` | Uses `devicectl` to check installed apps, install app, uninstall app. | No change. |
| `flutter screenshot` | Will return error. | Will return error. |
Other changes include:
* Using `devicectl` to get information about the device
* Using `idevicesyslog` and Dart VM logging for device logs
Note:
Xcode automation scripting (used in `flutter run` for debug and profile) does not work in a headless (without a UI) interface. No known workaround.
Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/128827, https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/128531.
This adds a macrobenchmark representative of a real world application that uses SVG icons. The scenario of rasterizing complex paths that don't change over time does not seem to be covered by any other macrobenchmark and shows a significantly slower impeller performance compared to skia.
It's actually bit problematic to measure this because on A15 the CPU load with impeller is high enough to trigger CPU frequency change. So in order to get consistent reading I had to add a spinning background thread that would keep the CPU at highest frequency.
```objc
[NSThread detachNewThreadWithBlock:^{
while (true) {
pthread_yield_np();
}
}];
```
```bash
flutter drive --profile --local-engine=ios_profile -t test_driver/run_app.dart --driver test_driver/path_tessellation_static_perf_test.dart
```
| average_frame_build_time_millis |Time|
|--|--|
| Impeller | 0.46686524822695047 |
| Skia | 0.4625749999999999 |
| Skia - No RasterCache | 0.47173750000000086|
| average_frame_rasterizer_time_millis | Time |
|--|--|
| Impeller | 6.654328519855595 |
| Skia - Raster Cache | 0.2534123711340209 * |
| Skia - No RasterCache | 0.53424375 |
* Adding the `GeometryPainter` seems to have triggered the complexity threshold for raster cache.
<img alt="screenshot" width="320" src="https://github.com/flutter/flutter/assets/96958/7a2f9384-b512-477b-bffa-058d4d284a41"/>
This reduce the execution time of macrobenchmarks driver tests.
I tried to find the exact size to scroll the screen but I couldn't find a way to do that with driver tests.
This PR aims to support Android's predictive back gesture when popping the entire Flutter app. Predictive route transitions between routes inside of a Flutter app will come later.
<img width="200" src="https://user-images.githubusercontent.com/389558/217918109-945febaa-9086-41cc-a476-1a189c7831d8.gif" />
### Trying it out
If you want to try this feature yourself, here are the necessary steps:
1. Run Android 33 or above.
1. Enable the feature flag for predictive back on the device under "Developer
options".
1. Create a Flutter project, or clone [my example project](https://github.com/justinmc/flutter_predictive_back_examples).
1. Set `android:enableOnBackInvokedCallback="true"` in
android/app/src/main/AndroidManifest.xml (already done in the example project).
1. Check out this branch.
1. Run the app. Perform a back gesture (swipe from the left side of the
screen).
You should see the predictive back animation like in the animation above and be able to commit or cancel it.
### go_router support
go_router works with predictive back out of the box because it uses a Navigator internally that dispatches NavigationNotifications!
~~go_router can be supported by adding a listener to the router and updating SystemNavigator.setFrameworkHandlesBack.~~
Similar to with nested Navigators, nested go_routers is supported by using a PopScope widget.
<details>
<summary>Full example of nested go_routers</summary>
```dart
// Copyright 2014 The Flutter Authors. All rights reserved.
// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
// found in the LICENSE file.
import 'package:go_router/go_router.dart';
import 'package:flutter/material.dart';
import 'package:flutter/scheduler.dart';
void main() => runApp(_MyApp());
class _MyApp extends StatelessWidget {
final GoRouter router = GoRouter(
routes: <RouteBase>[
GoRoute(
path: '/',
builder: (BuildContext context, GoRouterState state) => _HomePage(),
),
GoRoute(
path: '/nested_navigators',
builder: (BuildContext context, GoRouterState state) => _NestedGoRoutersPage(),
),
],
);
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return MaterialApp.router(
routerConfig: router,
);
}
}
class _HomePage extends StatelessWidget {
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
appBar: AppBar(
title: const Text('Nested Navigators Example'),
),
body: Center(
child: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
const Text('Home Page'),
const Text('A system back gesture here will exit the app.'),
const SizedBox(height: 20.0),
ListTile(
title: const Text('Nested go_router route'),
subtitle: const Text('This route has another go_router in addition to the one used with MaterialApp above.'),
onTap: () {
context.push('/nested_navigators');
},
),
],
),
),
);
}
}
class _NestedGoRoutersPage extends StatefulWidget {
@override
State<_NestedGoRoutersPage> createState() => _NestedGoRoutersPageState();
}
class _NestedGoRoutersPageState extends State<_NestedGoRoutersPage> {
late final GoRouter _router;
final GlobalKey<NavigatorState> _nestedNavigatorKey = GlobalKey<NavigatorState>();
// If the nested navigator has routes that can be popped, then we want to
// block the root navigator from handling the pop so that the nested navigator
// can handle it instead.
bool get _popEnabled {
// canPop will throw an error if called before build. Is this the best way
// to avoid that?
return _nestedNavigatorKey.currentState == null ? true : !_router.canPop();
}
void _onRouterChanged() {
// Here the _router reports the location correctly, but canPop is still out
// of date. Hence the post frame callback.
SchedulerBinding.instance.addPostFrameCallback((Duration duration) {
setState(() {});
});
}
@override
void initState() {
super.initState();
final BuildContext rootContext = context;
_router = GoRouter(
navigatorKey: _nestedNavigatorKey,
routes: [
GoRoute(
path: '/',
builder: (BuildContext context, GoRouterState state) => _LinksPage(
title: 'Nested once - home route',
backgroundColor: Colors.indigo,
onBack: () {
rootContext.pop();
},
buttons: <Widget>[
TextButton(
onPressed: () {
context.push('/two');
},
child: const Text('Go to another route in this nested Navigator'),
),
],
),
),
GoRoute(
path: '/two',
builder: (BuildContext context, GoRouterState state) => _LinksPage(
backgroundColor: Colors.indigo.withBlue(255),
title: 'Nested once - page two',
),
),
],
);
_router.addListener(_onRouterChanged);
}
@override
void dispose() {
_router.removeListener(_onRouterChanged);
super.dispose();
}
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return PopScope(
popEnabled: _popEnabled,
onPopped: (bool success) {
if (success) {
return;
}
_router.pop();
},
child: Router<Object>.withConfig(
restorationScopeId: 'router-2',
config: _router,
),
);
}
}
class _LinksPage extends StatelessWidget {
const _LinksPage ({
required this.backgroundColor,
this.buttons = const <Widget>[],
this.onBack,
required this.title,
});
final Color backgroundColor;
final List<Widget> buttons;
final VoidCallback? onBack;
final String title;
@override
Widget build(BuildContext context) {
return Scaffold(
backgroundColor: backgroundColor,
body: Center(
child: Column(
mainAxisAlignment: MainAxisAlignment.center,
children: <Widget>[
Text(title),
//const Text('A system back here will go back to Nested Navigators Page One'),
...buttons,
TextButton(
onPressed: onBack ?? () {
context.pop();
},
child: const Text('Go back'),
),
],
),
),
);
}
}
```
</details>
### Resources
Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/109513
Depends on engine PR https://github.com/flutter/engine/pull/39208✔️
Design doc: https://docs.google.com/document/d/1BGCWy1_LRrXEB6qeqTAKlk-U2CZlKJ5xI97g45U7azk/edit#
Migration guide: https://github.com/flutter/website/pull/8952
Bumps ubuntu from `f8f6584` to `c9820a4`.
[](https://docs.github.com/en/github/managing-security-vulnerabilities/about-dependabot-security-updates#about-compatibility-scores)
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</details>
Because the cost of type checks dominate our dart2wasm benchmarks, we've
decided to pass `--omit-type-checks` for now.
This was previously reverted because the skwasm benchmarks were broken
in general for a separate reason, and my getting rid of `bringup: true`
broke the tree. I ended up fixing the benchmarks and getting rid of
`bringup: true` in a separate commit, so this just adds the flag only.
We've decided to use the `--omit-type-checks` flag for our dart2wasm benchmarks. Right now, many of the benchmark results are dominated by type checks and most of what we are actually trying to measure get drowned out in the noise.
Add the `--downgrade` flag to the flutter/packages analyze test, so that it won't get the latest version of dependencies, avoiding out-of-band failures in flutter/flutter due to package publishing events.
Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/129633
## Description
This modifies the `MenuAnchor` `onPressed` activation to delay until after the current frame is built, and resolve any focus changes before it invokes the `onPressed`, so that actions that operate on the `primaryFocus` can have a chance of working on the focused item they were meant to work on.
## Related Issues
- Fixes https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/118731
## Tests
- No tests yet (hence draft still)
Fixes: https://github.com/flutter/flutter/issues/130738
A widget was added to explicitly and intentionally overlap the
PlatformView so that the rendering tree of Views would always have an
underlay and an overlay to match the test expectations.
Deprecate `textScaleFactor` in favor of `textScaler`, in preparation for Android 14 [Non-linear font scaling to 200%](https://developer.android.com/about/versions/14/features#non-linear-font-scaling). The `TextScaler` class can be moved to `dart:ui` in the future, if we decide to use the Android platform API or AndroidX to get the scaling curve instead of hard coding the curve in the framework.
I haven't put the Flutter version in the deprecation message so the analyzer checks are failing. Will do so after I finish the migration guide.
**Why `TextScaler.textScaleFactor`**
The author of a `TextScaler` subclass should provide a fallback `textScaleFactor`. By making `TextScaler` also contain the `textScaleFactor` information it also makes it easier to migrate: if a widget overrides `MediaQueryData.textScaler` in the tree, for unmigrated widgets in the subtree it would also have to override `MediaQueryData.textScaleFactor`, and that makes it difficult to remove `MediaQueryData.textScaleFactor` in the future.
## A full list of affected APIs in this PR
Deprecated: The method/getter/setter/argument is annotated with a `@Deprecated()` annotation in this PR, and the caller should replace it with `textScaler` instead. Unless otherwise specified there will be a Flutter fix available to help with migration but it's still recommended to migrate case-by-case.
**Replaced**: The method this `textScaleFactor` argument belongs to is rarely called directly by user code and is not overridden by any of the registered custom tests, so the argument is directly replaced by `TextScaler`.
**To Be Deprecated**: The method/getter/setter/argument can't be deprecated in this PR because a registered customer test depends on it and a Flutter fix isn't available (or the test was run without applying flutter fixes first). This method/getter/setter/argument will be deprecated in a followup PR once the registered test is migrated.
### `Painting` Library
| Affected API | State of `textScaleFactor` | Comment |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `InlineSpan.build({ double textScaleFactor = 1.0 })` argument | **Replaced** | |
| `TextStyle.getParagraphStyle({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` argument | **Replaced** | |
| `TextStyle.getTextStyle({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` argument| Deprecated | Can't replace: c47fd38dca/super_editor/lib/src/infrastructure/super_textfield/desktop/desktop_textfield.dart (L1903-L1905)|
| `TextPainter({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | Deprecated | |
| `TextPainter.textScaleFactor` getter and setter | Deprecated | No Flutter Fix, not expressible yet |
| `TextPainter.computeWidth({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` argument | Deprecated | |
| `TextPainter.computeMaxIntrinsicWidth({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` argument | Deprecated | |
### `Rendering` Library
| Affected API | State of `textScaleFactor` | Comment |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `RenderEditable({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | Deprecated | |
| `RenderEditable.textScaleFactor` getter and setter | Deprecated | No Flutter Fix, not expressible yet |
| `RenderParagraph({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | Deprecated | |
| `RenderParagraph.textScaleFactor` getter and setter | Deprecated | No Flutter Fix, not expressible yet |
### `Widgets` Library
| Affected API | State of `textScaleFactor` | Comment |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `MediaQueryData({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | **To Be Deprecated** | cd7b93532e/packages/flutter_markdown/test/text_scale_factor_test.dart (LL39C21-L39C35) |
| `MediaQueryData.textScaleFactor` getter | Deprecated | |
| `MediaQueryData.copyWith({ double? TextScaleFactor })` argument | Deprecated | |
| `MediaQuery.maybeTextScaleFactorOf(BuildContext context)` static method | Deprecated | No Flutter Fix, not expressible yet |
| `MediaQuery.textScaleFactorOf(BuildContext context)` static method | **To Be Deprecated** | cd7b93532e/packages/flutter_markdown/lib/src/_functions_io.dart (L68-L70), No Flutter Fix, not expressible yet |
| `RichText({ double TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | **To Be Deprecated** | cd7b93532e/packages/flutter_markdown/lib/src/builder.dart (L829-L843) |
| `RichText.textScaleFactor` getter | **To Be Deprecated** | A constructor argument can't be deprecated right away|
| `Text({ double? TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | **To Be Deprecated** | 914d120da1/packages/rfw/lib/src/flutter/core_widgets.dart (L647) , No Flutter Fix because of https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/52664 |
| `Text.rich({ double? TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | **To Be Deprecated** | The default constructor has an argument that can't be deprecated right away. No Flutter Fix because of https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/52664 |
| `Text.textScaleFactor` getter | **To Be Deprecated** | A constructor argument can't be deprecated right away |
| `EditableText({ double? TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | Deprecated | No Flutter Fix because of https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/52664 |
| `EditableText.textScaleFactor` getter | Deprecated | |
### `Material` Library
| Affected API | State of `textScaleFactor` | Comment |
| --- | --- | --- |
| `SelectableText({ double? TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | **To Be Deprecated** | cd7b93532e/packages/flutter_markdown/lib/src/builder.dart (L829-L843), No Flutter Fix because of https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/52664 |
| `SelectableText.rich({ double? TextScaleFactor = 1.0 })` constructor argument | **To Be Deprecated** | The default constructor has an argument that can't be deprecated right away. No Flutter Fix because of https://github.com/dart-lang/sdk/issues/52664 |
| `SelectableText.textScaleFactor` getter | **To Be Deprecated** | A constructor argument can't be deprecated right away |
A lot of material widgets (`Slider`, `RangeSlider`, `TimePicker`, and different types of buttons) also change their layout based on `textScaleFactor`. These need to be handled in a case-by-case fashion and will be migrated in follow-up PRs.
This change enables Flutter to generate multiple Scenes to be rendered into separate FlutterViews from a single widget tree. Each Scene is described by a separate render tree, which are all associated with the single widget tree.
This PR implements the framework-side mechanisms to describe the content to be rendered into multiple views. Separate engine-side changes are necessary to provide these views to the framework and to draw the framework-generated Scene into them.
## Summary of changes
The details of this change are described in [flutter.dev/go/multiple-views](https://flutter.dev/go/multiple-views). Below is a high-level summary organized by layers.
### Rendering layer changes
* The `RendererBinding` no longer owns a single `renderView`. In fact, it doesn't OWN any `RenderView`s at all anymore. Instead, it offers an API (`addRenderView`/`removeRenderView`) to add and remove `RenderView`s that then will be MANAGED by the binding. The `RenderView` itself is now owned by a higher-level abstraction (e.g. the `RawView` Element of the widgets layer, see below), who is also in charge of adding it to the binding. When added, the binding will interact with the `RenderView` to produce a frame (e.g. by calling `compositeFrame` on it) and to perform hit tests for incoming pointer events. Multiple `RenderView`s can be added to the binding (typically one per `FlutterView`) to produce multiple Scenes.
* Instead of owning a single `pipelineOwner`, the `RendererBinding` now owns the root of the `PipelineOwner` tree (exposed as `rootPipelineOwner` on the binding). Each `PipelineOwner` in that tree (except for the root) typically manages its own render tree typically rooted in one of the `RenderView`s mentioned in the previous bullet. During frame production, the binding will instruct each `PipelineOwner` of that tree to flush layout, paint, semantics etc. A higher-level abstraction (e.g. the widgets layer, see below) is in charge of adding `PipelineOwner`s to this tree.
* Backwards compatibility: The old `renderView` and `pipelineOwner` properties of the `RendererBinding` are retained, but marked as deprecated. Care has been taken to keep their original behavior for the deprecation period, i.e. if you just call `runApp`, the render tree bootstrapped by this call is rooted in the deprecated `RendererBinding.renderView` and managed by the deprecated `RendererBinding.pipelineOwner`.
### Widgets layer changes
* The `WidgetsBinding` no longer attaches the widget tree to an existing render tree. Instead, it bootstraps a stand-alone widget tree that is not backed by a render tree. For this, `RenderObjectToWidgetAdapter` has been replaced by `RootWidget`.
* Multiple render trees can be bootstrapped and attached to the widget tree with the help of the `View` widget, which internally is backed by a `RawView` widget. Configured with a `FlutterView` to render into, the `RawView` creates a new `PipelineOwner` and a new `RenderView` for the new render tree. It adds the new `RenderView` to the `RendererBinding` and its `PipelineOwner` to the pipeline owner tree.
* The `View` widget can only appear in certain well-defined locations in the widget tree since it bootstraps a new render tree and does not insert a `RenderObject` into an ancestor. However, almost all Elements expect that their children insert `RenderObject`s, otherwise they will not function properly. To produce a good error message when the `View` widget is used in an illegal location, the `debugMustInsertRenderObjectIntoSlot` method has been added to Element, where a child can ask whether a given slot must insert a RenderObject into its ancestor or not. In practice, the `View` widget can be used as a child of the `RootWidget`, inside the `view` slot of the `ViewAnchor` (see below) and inside a `ViewCollection` (see below). In those locations, the `View` widget may be wrapped in other non-RenderObjectWidgets (e.g. InheritedWidgets).
* The new `ViewAnchor` can be used to create a side-view inside a parent `View`. The `child` of the `ViewAnchor` widget renders into the parent `View` as usual, but the `view` slot can take on another `View` widget, which has access to all inherited widgets above the `ViewAnchor`. Metaphorically speaking, the view is anchored to the location of the `ViewAnchor` in the widget tree.
* The new `ViewCollection` widget allows for multiple sibling views as it takes a list of `View`s as children. It can be used in all the places that accept a `View` widget.
## Google3
As of July 5, 2023 this change passed a TAP global presubmit (TGP) in google3: tap/OCL:544707016:BASE:545809771:1688597935864:e43dd651
## Note to reviewers
This change is big (sorry). I suggest focusing the initial review on the changes inside of `packages/flutter` first. The majority of the changes describe above are implemented in (listed in suggested review order):
* `rendering/binding.dart`
* `widgets/binding.dart`
* `widgets/view.dart`
* `widgets/framework.dart`
All other changes included in the PR are basically the fallout of what's implemented in those files. Also note that a lot of the lines added in this PR are documentation and tests.
I am also very happy to walk reviewers through the code in person or via video call, if that is helpful.
I appreciate any feedback.
## Feedback to address before submitting ("TODO")
